All you do is install the browser plugin on Firefox or Chrome (Or both, like I did) and it will replace your New Tab page with one that looks like this:
(Click for full size)
The page is customizable and has a nice little stats menu to show you how many tabs you open throughout the week and a leader board.
Every time you see this page you get a heart, which is worth $0.01, basically redirecting Tab For a Cause's AdSense money straight into a little fund of your own to give to charity.
Once you have some hearts to give, you donate them to one of the charities on their list of participating charities. The way donations work is, from their own FAQ:
"When you donate a Heart, you are essentially casting a vote for money to be given to your selected charity. At the end of each quarter, we take all of the money raised through Tab for a Cause and divide it amongst the charities based on the number of Hearts that were donated to each cause during the quarter."
I just made my first donation today; $15 to the Human Rights Watch
Click here to get the plugin and sign up.It costs absolutely nothing and they don't ask you for any real money. It's all done via opening a new tab.