If you've downloaded AOT recently, you only have to install 1 patch, not 6. AOT closes automatically when the patch starts, there is no need to close any windows.
The game tries to get the patch again because the the patch did not install properly.
I assume that there are no error messages when you click 'install'?
Do you have any security or virus protection software running? The patch has to overwrite and change files so some security/virus protection software may prevent it from working.