i don't have a lot of insight into the political/social validity of this in other regions so i'll just clarify that this is in the scope of the US
i don't believe there exists today any active, explicit oppression by a government body of non-white races. however, there has undeniably been a history of this for many in american history. we often times only look at black vs white because of the whole african slave trade deal of course, but other races have also been excluded or antagonised through the government in the past (almost always due to a social outcry for justice against scary immigrants). the residue, for lack of a better word, of this purposeful inhibition has had a lasting effect on these groups from generation to generation.
i believe that people are able to work hard, get educated, and become successful, but the fact of the matter is that many of these groups don't get such opportunities. they come from broken homes, broken cities, broken neighbourhoods, and come out broken people: unmotivated, uninspired, and generally unfamiliar with success on a grander scale. these people don't get to go to AAAAAA schools; they don't get to go to college; they don't get to equip themselves with the tools needed to succeed. they become used to getting what they want in secrecy or underhandedness because that's all they're ever able to do. and this passes on from generation to generation until someone decides to make things better for them collectively by attacking the problem at its actual source. and when that happens, everything goes uphill from there, and, honestly, the problem resolves itself.
those are my thoughts on the matter at least.