That's microevolution; minor changes. You're not going from a dog to hippo or a bird to a weasel, you're going from a cat to a cat (example of a civilized animal). And a dog to a dog.
The evolution you're trying to prove is macroevolution.
That's because we can't view millions of years in a short amount of time. Slight mutations over time that are more ideal for an organism's current environment tend to stay around because it helped in some way, therefore, breeding to create more with that mutation. Over time, so much mutation can occur that it changes it completely from what it was before. Dog breeding is just interspecies. There is no predators, they just do what they want because their environment is safe. Even though colors of fur, or shapes of skeleton change from breeds, it's nothing really different from a dog, because the amount of mutations needed to change it to something a lot different take a long time since animals tend to live quite a while, and mutations are very small. I bet you money that species in the wild right now are still changing, and still evolving, but it's so hard to notice, because mutations are so minuscule.
Any scientific "law" can be proven false with enough quality counterexamples, no matter how much it is accepted by scientists. This includes evolution.
"Science is not done by majority rule; it is done by experiment."
Do you mean Einstein's theory of relativity, or the graviton theory? Either could be false (but both can't be true; they are mutually exclusive). If science is always "moving ahead", incorrect theories have to be eliminated, no matter how big their following is or how "mentally disabled" its opponents are.
Where did that small piece of matter come from?
I feel that this kinda contradicts counterexamples, because they are just examples. It sounds to me, how you worded it, that enough examples or made up ideas can prove a theory false. That sounds like a majority rule of examples.
By the way, Steven Hawking is not mentally crippled. He can't move because of ALS, which doesn't effect thoughts. It only keeps him from moving.
