Maybe you could make something that could fit under the door, and then reach the handle on the other side.
Something preferably with a right angle. That way you slip the thing you'd use to turn the knob under the door, then put the "handle" flat against the floor. Putting the thing that would turn the knob right near the knob.
You could "measure" the height between the floor and the knob from the outside, then attach some kind of handle so you can slip the "knob turning" attachment through the door without losing it. The only problem is that you'd have to make it strong enough to turn the handle and withstand the pressure of trying to turn the knob.
Alternatively, you could just try to find an apron in the kitchen and go outside for something. It's not much but it might be better than nothing. Or, if you have towels (big ones) in the kitchen, you could cut some holes out (with either a knife or scissors) and go outside just the same. You may even have some cardboard in the kitchen. Find some tape, get a small cloth (or paper towel) and drape it over your foot. Then stick the tape onto the paper towel/small cloth (so that the tape doesn't rip the hair of your bare feet) and bam. You have rudimentary shoes.
Do you have a roller in the kitchen? If you do then you may be able to get that and a fork and try to smash the lock. Beating it like Carjackers do when they see a lock on the outside of a vehicle. When I say "beating" I mean like an architect would when sculping wood or some other hard material.
