I don't know what any of that is.
To be honest, I would be ok with someone posting a link to a good gaming computer for Blockland that's around 500-550$.
ivy bridge core i3 is the PROCESSOR from INTEL. It is a high end processor.
PSU is the Power Supply Unit. Its like a small transformer inside your computer that powers all of the components
mobo is a shortening of the word "motherboard" which houses all of the components.
optical drive is the place in where you put the cds and dvds
8GB memory is referring to the RAM which is Random access memory. It is used for random things.
coolermaster case is referring to the case in which all of the components are housed.
and the graphics card is sometimes refered to as a video card, or a gpu. It processes video and the better you have, the higher settings you can run. I recently upgraded to a
EVGA GeForce 650. I can run shaders & shadows on max with no lag.
keyboard is a standard appliance that you can find on most computers. It sends electrical pulses to the motherboard and processor and defines those inputs as letters.
mouse is a standard appliance that you can find on most computers. It send electrical signals to the motherboard and processor and moves the mouse pointer accordingly.
This should clear things up a little.